InText Questions
Question.1 Can you identify and name the various items used in making life comfortable in our villages and towns. List the items and name the material used in their making.
Answer:
Villages:
- Clothes – Cotton, synthetic fibers, wool silk, etc.
- Furniture – Wood, steel, rubber, etc.
- Houses – Bricks, cement, wood
- Bicycles and motorcycle – Steel, rubber, etc.
Towns:
- Cooking gas stove and cylinder – Steel, brass, rubber, etc.
- Cars and motorcycles – Steel, plastics, brass, etc.
- Fans, room coolers and air conditioners – Steel, copper, plastics, etc.
- Refrigerators and TV sets – Steel, copper, plastics, glass, etc.
Question.2 Identify at least two resources from each Category.
Answer: On the Basis of Origin:
- Biotic Resources : human beings, animals
- Abiotic Resources : Coal, steel
On the Basis of Exhaustibility:
- Renewable Resources : water,air
- Non-Renewable Resources : coal, petroleum
On the Basis of Ownership:
- Individual Resources : Plantation, lands
- Community Owned Resources : public parks, picnic spots
- National Resources : forests, wildlife
- International Resources : oceanic resources, sea routes
On the Basis of the Status of Development:
- Potential Resources : of wind energy and solar energy
- Developed Resources : water, forests
- Stock : water, soil
- Reserves : oil, gas
Question.3 Prepare a list of stock and reserve, resources that you are familiar with from your local area.
Answer:
- Stock : water, Air, Soil, Gases, etc.
- Reserves : Water dams, woods from forests, oil refineries, etc.
Question.4 Can you name some resource rich but economically backward regions and some resource poor but economically developed regions? Give reasons for such a situation.
Answer:
- States of Orissa, Assam, and Jharkhand are rich in resources but are economically backward.
- States of Punjab, Delhi, and Haryana are poor in resources but are economically developed.
Question5 Prepare a list of resources found in your state and also identify the resources that are important but deficit in your state.
Answer: The State of Madhya Pradesh is richly endowed with mineral wealth. It is the sole producer of diamond in the country. Coal, limestone, manganese ore, bauxite, copper ore, dolomite, fire clay, slate pyrophyllite-diaspore are the main minerals occurring in the State.
Question.6 Try to do a comparison between the two pie charts (Fig. 1.4) given for land use and find out why the net sown area and the land under forests have changed from 1960-61 to 2019-20 very marginally.
Answers: The net sown area and the land under forests have changed from 1960-61 to 2002-03 very marginally because of the following factors:
- Urbanization
- floods
- increasing population,
- fragmentation of land holdings
- declining water table
- unabated and massive conversion of agricultural land for building houses and construction of infrastructure.
- Rise in cost of irrigation
Question.7 The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 per cent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10 per cent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman Nicobar Islands. Find out reasons for the low proportion of net sown area in these states.
Answers: Net sown area in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram and Manipur is low mainly due to the hilly and rocky terrain. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are covered by dense tropical forests and so net sown area is low.
NCERT Solution
Question 1: Multiple choice questions.
(i) Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?
(a) Intensive cultivation
(b) Deforestation
(c) Over irrigation
(d) Overgrazing
Answer: (c) Over irrigation
(ii) In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practiced?
(a) Punjab
(b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh
(c) Haryana
(d) Uttarakhand
Answer: (d) Uttarakhand
(iii) In which of the following states black soil is predominantly found?
(a) Jammu and Kashmir
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Jharkhand
Answer: (b) Maharashtra
